Chlorination of Benzotrifluoride

Salt Chlorination

Millions of people worldwide enjoy swimming pool activities every year. Traditionally, chlorine-containing chemicals have been used as the sanitizing agent. Some chlorine containing chemicals used include chlorine gas, sodium hypochlorite, calcium hypochlorite, lithium hypochlorite, and chlorinated isocyanurates. These chemicals enter the pool as a concentrated solution, or in the form of hypoc...

Preparation of benzoyl fluoride from benzotrifluoride catalyzed by niobium oxide

Several metals were found to catalyze the conversion of benzotrifluoride to benzoyl fluoride in the presence of carboxylic acids and sulfonic acids, together with the corresponding anhydride, and molecular oxygen. Nb2O5 exhibited the highest activity, and a conversion of 99.8% and a selectivity of 90% were obtained in 10 min under mild conditions. The composition of the acid and anhydride was f...

The Chlorination of Water

Chlorine is most readily available in the form of chloride of lime (bleaching powder), which can readily be obtained commercially. This, if freshly made, should contain 33 per cent, of free or active chlorine. It loses its efficacy on keeping, especially during hot weather; but this loss may be retarded by the addition of 25 per cent, of quicklime. Samples of the bleaching powder used should be...

Chlorination of Organic Material in

.....................................................................................................................................

Drinking Water Chlorination